Horaantii 1916 kii, fiisigiskii caanka ahaa ee Yuhuuda Einstein wuxuu ogaaday sirta laysarka. Laser (magaca buuxa: Iftiinka Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Shucaaca), oo macneheedu yahay "kordhinta shucaaca la kiciyey ee iftiinka", waxaa lagu ammaanaa abuurista kale ee weyn ee aadanaha tan iyo qarnigii 20aad, ka dib tamarta nukliyeerka, kombiyuutarada, iyo semiconductors. Waa "Midda ugu dhaqsaha badan", "taliyaha ugu saxsan", iyo "iftiinka ugu iftiimaya". Magaca Ingiriisiga oo buuxa ee leysarka ayaa durba si buuxda u muujinaya habka ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka laysarka. Laser waxay leedahay codsiyo kala duwan oo kala duwan, sida calaamadaynta laysarka, alxanka laysarka, goynta laysarka, xidhiidhka fiber optic, kala duwanaanta laser, LiDAR, iyo wixii la mid ah. Maanta waxaan ka hadli doonaa sida lasers u gaaro shaqada cabbirka fogaanta.
Mabda'a kala duwanaanshaha laysarka
Guud ahaan, waxaa jira laba hab oo lagu cabbiro masaafada iyadoo la isticmaalayo lasers: Habka garaaca wadnaha iyo habka wajiga. Mabda'a kala duwanaanshaha garaaca garaaca laysarka ayaa ah in leysarka ay soo saarto aaladda qiiqa laysarka ay ka muuqato shayga la cabbiray ka dibna uu helo qaataha. Adigoo isku mar duubaya wakhtiga safarka wareega ee laysarka, kala badh sheyga xawaaraha iftiinka iyo wakhtiga safarka wareega waa fogaanta u dhaxaysa qalabka kala duwan iyo shayga la cabbiray. Saxnaanta habka garaaca garaaca ee cabbiraadda masaafada guud ahaan waa ku dhawaad +/- 10 sentimitir. Habka wejigu ma cabbirayo wejiga laysarka, laakiin wuxuu cabbiraa wejiga calaamadda lagu beddelay laysarka.
Habka kala duwanaanshaha laysarka
Ka dib markii la fahmo mabda'a kala duwanaanshaha laser, aynu eegno hawlgalka dhabta ah ee kala duwanaanshaha laser. Caadi ahaan, kala duwanaanta laysarka saxda ah waxay u baahan tahay isticmaalka guud ee prism milicsiga, halka rangefinder ee loo isticmaalo cabbiraadda guriga uu si toos ah u cabbiri karo milicsiga dusha gidaarka siman. Tan waxaa ugu badan sababtoo ah masaafada ayaa aad u dhow, iyo xoogga calaamada dib u iftiimaya ee iftiinku waa mid xoog badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii masaafada ay aad u fog tahay, xagasha qiiqa laysarka waa in uu ahaadaa mid siman wadarta muraayadda milicsiga, haddii kale calaamadda soo noqoshada waxay noqon doontaa mid daciif ah si loo helo fogaan sax ah. Si kastaba ha noqotee, injineernimada wax ku oolka ah, shaqaalaha ka shaqeeya laser kala duwan waxay isticmaali doonaan xaashiyo caag ah oo khafiif ah sida dusha sare ee milicsiga si ay u xalliyaan dhibaatada milicsiga laser-ka daran. ujeedooyin kala duwan oo cabbirka saxda ah.
Maaddaama shirkad tikniyoolajiyadeed sare leh oo isku-darka cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta la leh wax-soo-saarka, Lumisopot waxay si madax-bannaan u horumarisay 905nm 1200m semiconductor laser kala duwan, 1535nm 3-15km erbium muraayadaha laser kala duwan, iyo qaar ka mid ah modules cabbirka laser fog fog. Si ka duwan alaabooyinka kala duwan ee laysarka ee shirkadaha kale, alaabadayadu waxay si buuxda u muujinayaan sifooyinka cabbirka yar, miisaanka fudud, waxtarka qiimaha sare leh, iyo awoodda lagu bixiyo tiro badan. Waxaa intaa dheer, moodooyinka alaabtayadu waa kuwo aad u kala duwan waxayna dabooli karaan dhammaan baahiyaha kala duwan ee laysarka. Haddii aad xiisaynayso alaabtayada, fadlan xor u noqo inaad nala soo xidhiidho.
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