Qalabka kala duwan ee loo yaqaan 'laser rangefinders', LiDARs, iyo aaladaha kale ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha casriga ah, sahaminta, wadista otomaatiga ah, iyo qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee macaamiisha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isticmaaleyaal badan ayaa dareema kala duwanaansho cabbir oo muhiim ah marka ay ka shaqeynayaan goobta, gaar ahaan marka ay la macaamilayaan walxaha midabyo kala duwan ama agab. Sababta asalka ah ee qaladkan badanaa waxay si dhow ula xiriirtaa milicsiga bartilmaameedka. Maqaalkani wuxuu si qoto dheer u eegi doonaa saameynta milicsiga ee cabbirka masaafada wuxuuna bixin doonaa xeelado wax ku ool ah oo loogu talagalay xulashada bartilmaameedka.
1. Waa maxay Dib-u-eegista iyo Maxay u Saameysaa Cabbirka Fogaanshaha?
Dib-u-eegistu waxay tilmaamaysaa awoodda dusha sare ay u leedahay inay muujiso iftiinka dhacdada, oo badanaa lagu muujiyo boqolkiiba (tusaale ahaan, derbiga cad wuxuu leeyahay dib-u-eegis qiyaastii 80%, halka cinjirka madow uu leeyahay 5% oo keliya. Qalabka cabbirka laysarka ayaa go'aamiya masaafada iyagoo xisaabinaya farqiga waqtiga u dhexeeya iftiinka la soo saaray iyo kan la soo celiyay (iyadoo la adeegsanayo mabda'a Waqtiga-Duulista). Haddii dib-u-eegistu ay aad u hooseyso, waxay keeni kartaa:
- Xoogga Calaamadda oo Liita: Haddii iftiinka soo ifbaxaya uu aad u daciif yahay, qalabku ma qaban karo calaamad sax ah.
- Khalad Cabbiraad oo Kordhay: Marka buuqu sii bato, saxnaanta ayaa hoos u dhacda.
- Cabbiraadda Gaaban: Masaafada ugu badan ee waxtarka leh waxay hoos u dhici kartaa in ka badan 50%.
2. Kala-soocidda Milicsiga iyo Istaraatiijiyadaha Xulashada Bartilmaameedka
Iyada oo ku saleysan astaamaha agabka caadiga ah, bartilmaameedyada waxaa loo kala saari karaa saddexda qaybood ee soo socda:
① Bartilmaameedyada Muujinta Sare (>50%)
- Agabka Caadiga ah: Meelaha birta ah ee la safeeyey, muraayadaha, dhoobada cad, iyo sibidh midab khafiif ah leh
- Faa'iidooyinka: Soo celinta calaamadda oo xooggan, oo ku habboon cabbiraadaha saxnaanta sare ee masaafada dheer (in ka badan 500m)
- Xaaladaha Codsiga: Sahanka dhismaha, kormeerka khadadka korontada, sawir-qaadista dhulka diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn
- Fiiro gaar ah: Ka fogow muraayadaha dusha sare ee keeni kara milicsiga specular (taas oo keeni karta cillado barta ah).
② Bartilmaameedyada Milicsiga Dhexdhexaadka ah (20%-50%)
- Agabka Caadiga ah: Alwaax, waddooyin laami ah, derbiyo leben madow ah, dhir cagaaran
- Tallaabooyinka Ka-hortagga:
Soo gaabi masaafada cabbirka (lagu taliyay <200m).
Daar qaabka xasaasiga sare ee qalabka.
Dooro meelaha matte-ka ah (tusaale ahaan, walxaha barafaysan).
③ Bartilmaameedyada Muujinta Hoose (<20%)
- Agabka Caadiga ah: Caag madow, tuulmo dhuxul ah, maro madow, biyo
- Khataraha: Calaamadaha ayaa laga yaabaa inay lumaan ama ay la ildaran yihiin khaladaadka boodada.
- Xalalka:
Isticmaal bartilmaameed retro-reflective (looxyada reflector).
Hagaaji xagasha soo ifbaxa laysarka ilaa 45° (si kor loogu qaado milicsiga baahsan).
Dooro aaladaha ku shaqeeya hirarka 905nm ama 1550nm (si aad si fiican ugu dhex gasho).
3. Xeelado Gaar ah oo ku saabsan Xaaladda
① Cabbirka Bartilmaameedka Firfircoon (tusaale ahaan, baabuurta dhaqaaqaysa):
- Mudnaanta sii taarikada baabuurta (meelaha iftiimaya ee sare) ama jirka baabuurta ee midabka khafiifka ah leh.
- Adeegso tignoolajiyad badan oo lagu aqoonsado echo (si loo shaandheeyo faragelinta roobka iyo ceeryaanta).
② Daaweynta Dusha Sare ee Adag:
- Birta midabka madow leh, mari dahaadh matte ah (taas oo kor u qaadi karta soo-celinta ilaa 30%).
- Ku rakib shaandhooyinka kala-soocidda ee hore ee darbiyada daahyada galaaska (si loo xakameeyo milicsiga muuqda).
③ Magdhawga Faragelinta Deegaanka:
- Karti u yeelo algorithms-ka xakamaynta iftiinka gadaasha xaaladaha iftiinka dhalaalaya.
- Roobka ama barafka, isticmaal tignoolajiyada isbeddelka muddada garaaca wadnaha (PIM).
4. Tilmaamaha Hagaajinta Cabbirka Qalabka
- Hagaajinta Awoodda: Kordhi awoodda laysarka si aad u hesho bartilmaameedyada iftiiminta hooseeya (hubi in la raaco xadka badbaadada indhaha).
- Daloolada Helitaanka: Kordhi dhexroorka muraayadda qaabilaysa (laba laabasho kasta, korodhka calaamaduhu wuu kordhaa afar laab).
- Dejinta Xadka: Si firfircoon u hagaaji heerka kicinta calaamadaha (si looga fogaado kicinta beenta ah ee buuqa awgeed).
5. Isbeddellada Mustaqbalka: Tiknoolajiyadda Magdhawga Milicsiga Caqliga leh
Nidaamyada cabbirka masaafada ee jiilka xiga ayaa bilaabaya inay isku milmaan:
- Xakamaynta Helitaanka La-qabsiga (AGC): Hagaajinta waqtiga-dhabta ah ee xasaasiyadda sawir-qaadaha.
- Algorithms-ka Aqoonsiga Agabka AI: Iswaafajinta noocyada agabka iyadoo la adeegsanayo sifooyinka qaabka hirarka echo.
- Isku-dhafka Multispectral: Isku-darka xogta iftiinka la arki karo iyo infrared-ka si loo helo go'aan dhammaystiran.
Gunaanad
Barashada astaamaha milicsiga waa xirfad aasaasi ah oo lagu hagaajinayo saxnaanta cabbirka. Iyadoo si cilmiyeysan loo dooranayo bartilmaameedyada iyo habaynta qalabka si habboon, xitaa xaaladaha milicsiga aadka u hooseeya (ka hooseeya 10%), saxnaanta cabbirka heerka millimitir ayaa la gaari karaa. Marka tiknoolajiyada magdhawga caqliga leh ay horumaraan, nidaamyada cabbirka mustaqbalka waxay si "caqli badan" ula qabsan doonaan deegaannada adag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fahamka mabaadi'da aasaasiga ah ee milicsiga ayaa had iyo jeer noqon doonta xirfad lagama maarmaan u ah injineerada.
Waqtiga boostada: Maarso-04-2025