Tamarta garaaca laysarka waxa loola jeedaa tamarta uu gudbiyo garaaca laysarka halbeeg kasta. Caadi ahaan, lasers-ku waxa ay sii dayn karaan mowjado joogto ah (CW) ama mowjadaha garaaca, iyada oo tan dambe ay si gaar ah muhiim ugu tahay codsiyo badan oo ay ka mid yihiin farsamaynta walxaha, dareenka fog, qalabka caafimaadka, iyo cilmi baadhista sayniska. Fahamka sifooyinka tamarta garaaca laysarka ayaa muhiim u ah wanaajinta waxqabadkeeda iyo hagaajinta waxtarka codsiga.
1. Qeexida iyo Cabbirka Tamarta Wadnaha
Tamarta garaaca wadnaha laser waa tamarta uu sii daayo garaaca laysarka kasta, inta badan waxaa lagu qiyaasaa joules (J). Si ka duwan laysarka hirarka joogtada ah (CW), laysarka garaaca ayaa tamarta ku sii daaya wakhti gaaban gudaheed, baaxadda tamarta ayaa caadi ahaan la xiriirta muddada garaaca wadnaha (ballaca garaaca wadnaha) iyo awoodda ugu sarreysa.
Tamarta garaaca wadnaha waxaa lagu xisaabin karaa qaacidooyinka soo socda: E = Ppeak × τ. Halka E ay tahay tamarta garaaca wadnaha (joules), Ppeak waa awooda ugu sarreysa ee garaaca wadnaha (watts), iyo τ waa muddada garaaca wadnaha (ilbiriqsi). Taas macnaheedu waa tamarta garaaca wadnaha waxay si toos ah ula xiriirtaa awoodda ugu sarreysa iyo ballaca garaaca wadnaha.
2. Waxyaabaha Saameeya Tamarta Wadnaha
Dhowr arrimood ayaa saameeya tamarta garaaca wadnaha ee laysarka, oo ay ku jiraan:
①Naqshadaynta Laser-ka iyo Nooca:
Noocyada kala duwan ee laysarka waxay saameeyaan xajmiga tamarta garaaca wadnaha. Tusaale ahaan, lasers-state adag caadi ahaan waxay bixiyaan tamar garaaca wadnaha sare, ku haboon codsiyada u baahan wax soo saarka awood sare. Laysarka fiberku, dhanka kale, waxa ay soo saari karaan garaacyo leh awood sare iyaga oo hagaajinaya hirarka dhererkooda.
②Muddada garaaca wadnaha (Balacda garaaca):
Baaxadda garaaca wadnaha oo gaaban, ayaa sare u kacaysa awoodda ugu sarreysa ee wakhti go'an, taas oo u oggolaanaysa tamarta garaaca wadnaha sare. Balaadhka garaaca wadnaha ee leysarka garaaca ayaa caadi ahaan la isku hagaajin karaa inta u dhaxaysa nanoseconds iyo picoseconds, iyadoo garaaca garaaca gaagaaban si weyn loogu isticmaalo codsiyada saxda ah ee sare sababtoo ah awooddooda ugu sarreysa.
③Waxtarka Laydhka iyo Isbeddelka Tamarta:
Waxtarka laysarka ayaa si toos ah u go'aaminaya wax soo saarka tamarta. Nidaamyada laysarka qaarkood waxay kor u qaadi karaan hufnaanta beddelka iyagoo wanaajiya naqshadaynta dhexdhexaadka faa'iidada ama godka laysarka, taas oo kordhinaysa tamarta garaaca wadnaha.
④Amplifiers Laser:
Nidaamyo badan oo laser awood sare leh, amplifiers ayaa loo isticmaalaa si loo kordhiyo tamarta wax soo saarka. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo xoojinta marxalado badan, tamarta garaaca wadnaha ayaa si weyn loo kordhin karaa.
⑤Laser Drive Hadda:
Dareewalka hadda ee diode-ka laysarka ama nidaamka laysarka ayaa ah arrin muhiim ah oo saamaynaysa awooddeeda wax-soo-saarka iyo tamarta garaaca wadnaha. Iyadoo la hagaajinayo hadda, xaaladda kacsanaanta laysarka waa la bedeli karaa, sidaas awgeed waxay saameyneysaa wax soo saarka tamarta garaaca wadnaha.
3. Codsiyada tamarta garaaca laser
Baaxadda tamarta garaaca laysarka ayaa go'aamisa ku habboonaanta qaybaha kala duwan. Codsiyada caadiga ah qaarkood waxaa ka mid ah:
①Habaynta Agabka:
Alxanka laysarka, goynta, iyo xaradhka, tamarta garaaca wadnaha si sax ah ayaa loo xakameyn karaa si loo gaaro wax-qabad hufan oo sax ah oo sarreeya. Tamarta garaaca wadnaha sare waxay ku haboon tahay farsamaynta qalabka birta, halka tamarta yar ee tamarta yar loo isticmaalo daaweynta dusha sare.
②Codsiyada Caafimaadka:
Laysarka pulsed ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa goobaha caafimaadka, gaar ahaan qalliinka laysarka, daawaynta maqaarka, iyo daawaynta indhaha. Tusaale ahaan, laysarka la garaaco ee leh tamar sare waxay diiradda saari karaan tamarta laysarka ee mawjadaha dhererka gaarka ah ee meelaha yaryar si ay u tirtiraan unugyada buka ama daaweynta xaaladaha indhaha.
③LiDAR iyo Dareenka Fog:
Tiknoolajiyada LiDAR waxay ku tiirsan tahay leysarka tamarta garaaca garaaca sare ee kala duwanaanta saxda ah iyo sawirka. Kormeerka deegaanka, wadista iskiis u waditaanka, iyo ilaalinta daroonka, cabbirka tamarta garaaca wadnaha ayaa si toos ah u saameeya fogaanta ogaanshaha iyo xallinta nidaamka LiDAR.
④Cilmi-baadhis Saynis
Laysarka la garaaco ayaa sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaara tijaabooyinka fiisigiska, kimistariga, iyo bayoolajiga. Iyaga oo si sax ah u xakameynaya tamarta garaaca wadnaha, saynisyahannadu waxay samayn karaan spectroscopy laser-ku-salaysan saxsan oo sax ah, dardargelinta walxaha, iyo cilmi-baarista qaboojinta laysarka.
4. Hababka lagu kordhiyo tamarta garaaca
Hababka caadiga ah ee lagu kordhiyo tamarta garaaca laysarka waxaa ka mid ah:
①Kasbashada Hagaajinta Dhexdhexaadka ah:
Adiga oo dooranaya dhexdhexaadka faa'iidada ku habboon iyo hagaajinta naqshadeynta godka laysarka, tamarta wax soo saarka laysarka waa la kordhin karaa.
②Kordhinta Laser-heer badan:
Amplifiers marxalado badan ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u kordhin kara tamarta garaaca ee laser si ay u buuxiyaan shuruudaha codsiyada kala duwan.
③Kordhinta Wadida Hadda ama Balaadhka garaaca:
Hagaajinta laysarka wadista hadda ama ballaca garaaca wadnaha waxay keeni kartaa tamar garaaca wadnaha oo weyn.
④Farsamada Cadaadiska Wadnaha:
Isticmaalka farsamooyinka cadaadiska garaaca wadnaha, muddada garaaca wadnaha waa la soo gaabin karaa, kordhinta awoodda ugu sarreysa iyo sii deynta tamar badan waqti gaaban.
5. Gabagabo
Tamarta garaaca wadnaha Laser waa halbeeg muhiim ah oo si toos ah u saameeya waxqabadka iyo codsiga laysarka ee dhinacyo kala duwan. Horumarka joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada laysarka, lasers-ka garaaca ayaa yeelan doona codsiyo ballaadhan oo warshado badan ah. Laga soo bilaabo makiinada saxda ah ilaa dareenka fog iyo daawaynta daawaynta, tamarta sare ee tamarta leysarka garaaca ayaa furaysa fursado cusub. Fahamka fikradaha aasaasiga ah ee tamarta garaaca wadnaha iyo arrimaha saameynaya waxay kaa caawin karaan samaynta doorashooyin cilmiyeed oo badan marka la naqshadeynayo oo la adeegsanayo hababka laysarka.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-11-2025