Waa maxay Navigation Inertial?
Aasaaska socodka Inertial
Mabaadi'da aasaasiga ah ee navigation inertial waxay la mid yihiin kuwa hababka kale ee hagidda. Waxay ku tiirsan tahay helitaanka macluumaadka muhiimka ah, oo ay ku jiraan booska hore, jihaynta bilowga ah, jihada iyo jihaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa daqiiqad kasta, iyo si tartiib tartiib ah u dhexgalaan xogtan (oo la mid ah hawlaha isdhexgalka xisaabta) si loo go'aamiyo si sax ah xuduudaha socodka, sida jihaynta iyo booska.
Doorka Dareemayaasha ee Hagidda Inertial
Si loo helo hanuuninta hadda jirta (aragtida) iyo macluumaadka booska shay dhaqaaqa, nidaamyada navigation navigation inertial waxay shaqaaleeyaan set oo ah dareemayaal muhiim ah, ugu horrayn ka kooban xawaaraha iyo gyroscopes. Dareemayaashani waxay cabbiraan xawaaraha xagasha iyo dardargelinta sidaha ee qaab tixraaceed aan firfircoonayn. Xogta ayaa markaa la isku daray oo la habeeyey waqti ka dib si loo helo xawaaraha iyo macluumaadka booska qaraabo. Ka dib, macluumaadkan waxaa loo beddelaa habka isku-dubbaridka navigation, iyada oo la socota xogta booska hore, oo ku dhammaanaysa go'aaminta goobta hadda jirta ee side.
Mabaadi'da Hawlgalka ee Nidaamyada Hagidda Inertial
Nidaamyada marin-marineed ee aan shaqaynayn waxay u shaqeeyaan sidii kuwo iskood isku koobay, habab wareeg oo wareeg ah oo xidhan. Kuma tiirsan yihiin cusboonaysiinta xogta dibadda ee wakhtiga-dhabta ah si loo saxo khaladaadka inta lagu jiro dhaqdhaqaaqa side. Sidan oo kale, hal nidaam navigation navigation ah ayaa ku habboon hawlaha socodka muddada gaaban. Hawlgallada muddada dheer, waa in lagu daraa hababka kale ee navigation, sida hababka socodka satalaytka, si loo saxo khaladaadka gudaha ee urursan.
Qarsoonaanshaha Dajinta Inertial
Tignoolajiyada casriga casriga ah, oo ay ku jiraan navigation samada, satalayt navigation, iyo raadiyaha navigation, navigation inertial waxay u taagan tahay si madaxbanaan. Kuma sii daayo calaamadaha deegaanka dibadda, kumana xirna walxaha samada ama calaamadaha dibadda. Sidaa awgeed, nidaamyada hagitaanku waxay bixiyaan heerka ugu sarreeya ee qarinta, taasoo ka dhigaysa kuwo ku habboon codsiyada u baahan qarsoodiga ugu sarreeya.
Qeexida Rasmiga ah ee Navigation Inertial
Nidaamka Navigation Inertial (INS) waa habka qiyaasta halbeegyada socodka kaas oo u shaqeeya gyroscopes iyo accelerometers sida dareemayaal. Nidaamku, oo ku salaysan wax-soo-saarka gyroscopes, wuxuu dejiyaa habka isku-dubbaridka navigation iyadoo la adeegsanayo wax-soo-saarka xawaareeyayaasha si loo xisaabiyo xawaaraha iyo booska qaadaha ee nidaamka isku-duwidda navigation.
Codsiyada Hagidda Inertial
Tiknoolajiyada inertial waxay heshay codsiyo kala duwan oo dhinacyo kala duwan leh, oo ay ku jiraan hawada hawada, duulista, badda, sahaminta batroolka, geodesy, sahaminta oceanographic, qodista juqraafi, robotics, iyo nidaamyada tareenada. Iyadoo ay soo ifbaxday dareemayaal horumarsan oo aan shaqaynayn, tignoolajiyada inertial waxay ku kordhisay adeeggeeda warshadaha baabuurta iyo aaladaha elektiroonigga ah ee caafimaadka, iyo qaybo kale. Baaxaddan balaadhan ee codsiyada waxay hoosta ka xariiqaysaa doorka muhiimka ah ee sii kordheysa ee navigation inertial ee bixinta awoodaha hagidda saxda ah ee saxda ah iyo meelaynta ee codsiyada badan.
Xudunta udub-dhexaadka u ah Hagida Inertial:Fiber Optic Gyroscope
Hordhaca Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Nidaamyada marin-mareenka ee aan tooska ahayn waxay si weyn ugu tiirsan yihiin saxnaanta iyo saxnaanta qaybahooda asaasiga ah. Mid ka mid ah qaybahaas oo si weyn u xoojiyey awoodda nidaamyadan waa Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG). FOG waa dareere muhiim ah oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara cabbiraadda xawaaraha xaglaha ee side iyo saxsanaan cajiib ah.
Hawlgalka Fiber Optic Gyroscope
FOGs waxay ku shaqeeyaan mabda'a saamaynta Sagnac, taas oo ku lug leh kala qaybinta laydhka laysarka ee laba waddo oo kala duwan, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay u socoto jihooyin ka soo horjeeda iyada oo loo marayo wareegga fiber optic-ga ee duuban. Marka qaaduhu, ee ku xidhan FOG, wareego, kala duwanaanshaha wakhtiga safarka ee u dhexeeya labada laydh ayaa u dhigma xawaaraha xagasha ee wareegtada side. Dib u dhigista wakhtigan, oo loo yaqaan wareejinta wajiga Sagnac, ayaa markaa si sax ah loo cabbiraa, taasoo awood u siinaysa FOG inay bixiso xog sax ah oo ku saabsan wareejinta side.
Mabda'a gyroscope fiber optic waxay ku lug leedahay soo saarista iftiinka iftiinka sawir-qaade. Iftiinkani waxa uu dhex maraa lammaane, isaga oo ka soo galaya gees kana baxaya mid kale. Kadibna waxay dhex martaa wareegga indhaha. Laba laydh oo iftiin ah, oo ka imanaya jihooyin kala duwan, geli wareegga oo dhammaystir meel sare oo isku xidhan ka dib marka ay ku wareegaan. Iftiinka soo laabanaya wuxuu dib u galayaa diode iftiin-emitting ah (LED), kaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu ogaado xooggiisa. Iyadoo mabda'a gyroscope fiber optic ay u ekaan karto mid toos ah, caqabada ugu muhiimsan waxay ku jirtaa baabi'inta arrimaha saameeya dhererka dariiqa indhaha ee labada iftiin ee iftiinka. Tani waa mid ka mid ah arrimaha ugu muhiimsan ee soo food saartay horumarinta gyroscopes fiber optic.
1: diode superluminescent 2: diode sawir qaade
3.lammaanaha ilayska 4.lammaane giraanta fiber 5. giraanta fiber indhaha
Faa'iidooyinka Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
FOG-yadu waxay bixiyaan faa'iidooyin dhowr ah oo ka dhigaya kuwo qiimo leh hababka socodka aan firfircoonayn. Waxay caan ku yihiin saxnaantooda gaarka ah, isku halaynta, iyo adkeysiga. Si ka duwan gyros makaanikada, FOGs ma laha qaybo dhaqaaqa, taas oo yaraynaysa khatarta jeexjeexa iyo jeexjeexa. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay u adkeysanayaan shoogga iyo gariirka, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon baahida jawiga sida hawada hawada iyo codsiyada difaaca.
Isku-dhafka Fiber Optic Gyroscopes ee Hagidda Inertial
Nidaamyada marin-mareenka ee aan tooska ahayn ayaa si isa soo taraya ugu daraya FOG-yada sababtoo ah saxnimadooda sare iyo isku halaynta. Gyroscopes-yadani waxay bixiyaan cabbirada xawaaraha xaglaha ee muhiimka ah ee looga baahan yahay go'aaminta saxda ah ee jihaynta iyo booska. Marka la isku daro FOG-yada nidaamyada hagitaannada aan firfircoonayn ee jira, hawl-wadeennadu waxay ka faa'iidaysan karaan saxnaanta socodka oo la hagaajiyay, gaar ahaan xaaladaha saxnaanta xad dhaafka ah ay lagama maarmaan tahay.
Codsiyada Fiber Optic Gyroscopes ee Hagidda Inertial
Ku darida FOG-yada waxay balaadhisay codsiyada nidaamyada hagitaannada aan firfircoonayn ee qaybaha kala duwan. Hawada iyo duulista, nidaamyada ku qalabaysan FOG waxay bixiyaan xalal sax ah oo hagitaan ah oo loogu talagalay diyaaradaha, diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn, iyo dayax gacmeedyada. Waxa kale oo si aad ah loogu isticmaalaa hagidda badda, sahannada juqraafiyeed, iyo robotics horumarsan, taas oo awood u siinaysa nidaamyadan inay ku shaqeeyaan waxqabad iyo isku hallayn la xoojiyey.
Kala duwanaanshiyaha qaab dhismeedka kala duwan ee Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Fiber optic gyroscopes waxay ku yimaadaan qaab dhismeedyo kala duwan, iyadoo kan ugu badan ee hadda galaya saaxadda injineernimada uu yahaypolarization-loop xiran-ilaalinta gyroscope fiber optic. Xudunta gyroscope-kan ayaa ahpolarization-ilaalinta loop fiber, oo ka kooban fiilooyinka ilaalinta polarization-ka iyo qaab si sax ah loo qaabeeyey. Dhismaha loop-kan waxa uu ku lug leeyahay qaab dabaylo asymmetric ah oo afar laab ah, oo lagu kabo jel-shaabeedka gaarka ah si loo sameeyo gariiradda fibre-gaaban ee adag.
Astaamaha Muhiimka ah eePolarization-Ilaalinta Fiber Optic Gyro gariiradda
▶ Naqshad Qaabdhismeedka Gaarka ah:Siddooyinka gyroscope-yada ayaa leh qaab qaabaysan oo gaar ah kaas oo si fudud u qaabila noocyo kala duwan oo fiilooyinka ilaalinaya polarization.
▶ Farsamada Dabaysha oo Afar-laab ah:Farsamada dabaysha summeynta ee afarta laab waxay yaraynaysaa saamaynta Shupe, iyada oo hubinaysa cabbirro sax ah oo la isku halayn karo.
▶ Maadada Gel-ku-xirnaanta Sare:Shaqaaleynta agabka gelitaanka sare ee shaabadeynta, oo ay weheliso farsamo daaweyn gaar ah, waxay wanaajisaa caabbinta gariirka, taasoo ka dhigaysa wareegyada gyroscope-ka mid ku habboon codsiyada jawiga baahida.
▶ Deganaanshaha Isku-xidhnaanta Heerkulka Sare:Wareegyada gyroscope-yada waxay muujinayaan xasilloonida isku xirnaanta heerkulka sare, hubinta saxnaanta xitaa xaaladaha kulaylka ee kala duwan.
▶ Qaabdhismeedka Miisaanka Fudud ee La Fududeeyay:Siddooyinka gyroscope-yada waxaa lagu farsameeyay qaab toosan oo fudud, taasoo dammaanad qaadaysa saxnaanta farsamaynta sare.
▶ Habka dabaysha oo joogto ah:Habka dabaysha ayaa weli ah mid deggan, isagoo la qabsanaya shuruudaha kala duwan ee gyroscopes fiber optic sax ah.
Tixraac
Groves, PD (2008). Horudhac ku saabsan Navigation Inertial.Joornaalka Navigation, 61(1), 13-28.
El-Sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Tiknoolajiyada dareemayaasha inertial ee codsiyada navigation: xaaladda farshaxanka.Satellite Navigation, 1(1), 1-15.
Woodman, OJ (2007). Horudhac ku saabsan navigation inertial.Jaamacadda Cambridge, Shaybaadhka Kombiyuutarka, UCAM-CL-TR-696.
Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Tixraaca booska iyo qaabaynta joogtada ah ee aduunka ee robots-ka wareegaTalaabada 1985 ee IEEE Shirka Caalamiga ah ee Robotics iyo Automation( Vol. 2, bogga 138-145). IEEE.
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